Once celebrated as Cuba’s economic engine, tourism is now faltering significantly. Fresh data from the National Office of Statistics and Information (ONEI) reveals a 20.5% drop in international arrivals during 2025 compared to 2024, resulting in noticeably emptier hotels and a grim outlook for already struggling Cuba’s tourism industry.
The ONEI report, officially titled “Arrival of International Travelers and Visitors,” strongly suggests what locals and those inside the industry already know. Tourism, boasting around 84,000 hotel rooms and the involvement of 19 foreign chains—primarily investing and operational—was recently touted as a robust “engine” for Cuba’s economy. Although Cuba’s tourism sector officials voiced optimism regarding a recovery in March, the figures paint a different picture. Total visitors decreased from 1,719,009 in 2024 to just 1,366,720 during the initial ten months of 2025.
“This unfortunately confirms just how severe the tourism crisis has become,” according to Cuban economist Pedro Monreal; his analysis highlights the wider economic consequences felt by businesses, from taxi services to souvenir shops, who relied on tourists.
A Wide-Ranging Downturn Across Main Source Markets
The decline isn’t limited geographically; it is a widespread problem across Cuba’s primary markets. Canada, traditionally the largest source of tourists, saw a reduction from 695,557 arrivals in 2024 to 559,715 this year. In most cases, this 19.5% fall reflects decreasing interest due to increased travel costs and international tensions.
Similarly, visits from the U.S., complicated by sanctions and restrictions, fell from 110,538 to 88,849— a 19.6% decline. Further impacting the economy are even steeper declines in Europe and other regions: Russian tourist numbers, supported in recent years by direct flights, fell by 37%, and German arrivals saw a dramatic 43% decrease. Spain, historically popular because of cultural connections, suffered a 27% reduction.
However, not all news is bad. Latin American markets showed growth, offering some diversification. Argentina had a modest 7% increase, Colombia showed an 11% surge, and Peru experienced impressive 27% visitor growth. Yet, in reality, these increases are small when compared to the losses from northern markets and simply cannot compensate for the overall downturn.
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Energy Blackouts: The Hidden Problem
Unseen beneath vacant lobbies and booking cancellations are Cuba’s ongoing energy issues, reaching a critical point in 2025. Regular and lengthy blackouts, and also shortages of fuel, have significantly hampered daily life and business; even the government has acknowledged the disruptions’ impact on productivity. Hotels, dependent on generators for things such as air conditioning and lighting, now face escalating operating expenses. These issues with transportation likely deter potential travelers before they even take their flights.
The energy crisis has effects far beyond just tourism, hindering manufacturing, agriculture, and also various services. For an economy wrestling with inflation, scarcity, and external pressures, Cuba’s tourism sector represents a significant blow that experts fear could lead to further economic decline.
Gloomy Horizons
The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has also lowered expectations, projecting that Cuba’s gross domestic product (GDP) will fall by 1.5% in 2025. Furthermore, a slight recovery of only 0.1% is predicted for 2026; that projection depends on stabilizing energy supplies and reducing international pressures—a challenging task given the current conditions.
As Cuban leaders work hard to revitalize tourism—using tools that include incentives for investors and targeted advertising—a question that remains is: Can the island’s appeal overcome the limitations of blackouts and overall economic difficulties? For now, only time will tell. For countless potential travelers, the allure of sun-kissed shores and vibrant, salsa-infused nightlife sadly remains just out of reach. It’s becoming increasingly clear that simple hope isn’t enough to spark a turnaround; true recovery will almost certainly necessitate a fundamental restructuring of existing systems.